Models of Myocardial Hypertrophy and Heart Failure

Greentech Bioscience offers a comprehensive portfolio of animal models of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and heart failure, from rodents to pigs, dogs, and non-human primates (NHPs). We also customize animal models to test the effectiveness of drugs according to our clients’ requirements.

Our Models of Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure

1. Animal Models of Ischemic Heart Failure

2. Pressure Overload-Induced Models of Heart Failure

Induction: transverse aortic constriction (TAC) and abdominal aortic constriction (AAC)

Species: rats, mice

Disease characteristics: increased aortic pressure and left ventricular pressure overload, replicating the pathological process from cardiac hypertrophy (about 4 weeks) to heart failure (about 12 weeks) caused by increased afterload

Applications: investigation of pathological changes and molecular mechanisms underlying heart failure caused by diastolic dysfunction and left ventricular hypertrophy

3. Drug-Induced Models of Heart Failure

Induction: tail vein injection of adriamycin

Species: rats

Disease characteristics: focal cardiomyocyte degeneration, edema, and vacuolation, as well as myocardial interstitial fibrosis, suggesting left ventricular remodeling and myocardial fibrosis

Applications: study of the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy and heart failure and evaluation of novel treatments

4. Tachypacing-Induced Heart Failure Model

Induction: rapid right ventricular pacing (RRVP)

Species: dogs

Disease characteristics: progressive dilation of the ventricles, accompanied by diastolic dysfunction, significant decrease in ejection fraction and cardiac output, and increased peripheral vascular resistance

Applications: rapid ventricular pacing is an effective method to study the pathophysiological changes, molecular and biological characteristics, neuroendocrine changes and drug intervention during different stages of chronic heart failure

5. Volume Overload-Induced Models for Heart Failure

Induction: (thoracotomy) mitral regurgitation, arteriovenous fistula, inferior vena cava stenosis; (minimally invasive surgery) mitral insufficiency, aortic incompetence

Species: pigs, dogs, non-human primates (NHPs)

Clinical Assessment

Ultrasonic cardiogram: left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LPwT), ejection fraction (EF), cardiac output (CO), FS, SV, chamber dimensions and wall thickness, pulmonary artery pressure, etc.

Invasive hemodynamic monitoring: central venous pressure (CVP), right atrial pressure (RAP), right ventricular pressure (RVP), pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), cardiac output (CO)

12-lead electrocardiogram

Myocardial enzymogram and biochemical examination

Histopathology

Basic Service

Body weight, food intake, excretion

Blood and tissue collection

Optional Endpoint

Imaging examinations such as MRI

Coronary angiography (for large animals)

Case Study

Figure 1. Echocardiographic measurements in SD rats before and one week after LAD ligation.

Figure 2. Cardiac function parameters in SD rats after LAD ligation.

Figure 3. LAD ligation-induced myocardial infarction rats (Masson staining).

Figure 4. Cardiac function parameters in rhesus monkeys after LAD ligation.

Inquiries

Request a quote now, or email us at BD@greentech-bio.com to inquire about our services or obtain a quote for your project.

References

1. Conceição, G., Heinonen, I., Lourenço, A. P., Duncker, D. J., & Falcão-Pires, I. (2016). Animal models of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Netherlands Heart Journal, 24(4), 275–286. doi:10.1007/s12471-016-0815-9

2. Janssen, P. M. L., & Elnakish, M. T. (2019). Modeling heart failure in animal models for novel drug discovery and development. Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery, 1–9.